Positivism and idealism in social cognition

http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/AM.10-16.036

A.V. Khoroshilov is post-graduate student at Lomonosov Moscow State University

e-mail: artemkhoroshilov@yandex.ru

Presented is philosophical characteristic of two programs of methodological programs of social cognition, i.e. positivism and idealism. The author examines ontological basics of each of the named programs, and also analyses epistemological sequences from that form of conceptualization of the existing, to which each program resorts. As illustration of application of positivism in scientific field of social theory analyzed is sociology by T. Parsons, while address to idealistic tradition is being traced in theory by N. Luhman. As an effort of two programs consolidation the theory of P. Bourdieu is analyzed. The author makes conclusion, that consolidation of two programs is not enough to forming of integral theory, but it might be compensated by appealing to philosophical tradition.

Key words: positivism, idealism, methodology, ontology, epistemology.

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