Философско-исторические подходы в курсе «Основы российской государственности»

UDC 378
DOI 10.20339/AM.06-26.015

Natalia V. Popkova, D.Sc. (Philosophy), Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Docent, Professor of Department of Humanities and Social Science, Bryansk State Technical University, e-mail: npopkova12@rambler.ru

The applicability of various historical approaches to the course “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood” is considered. By present time the philosophy develops ensemble of the sociohistorical approaches differing in scale and complexity of analyzed objects. It is shown that for the analysis of the process of historical development of Russia, traditional historical approaches — formational (including its more modern post-industrial version) and civilizational — have limited applicability and require significant correction to adequately reflect the facts. Today, new philosophical and historical concepts are being proposed for the comprehensive study of the progressive development of science and technology, socio-cultural and biospheric transformations; however, the level of their development does not yet allow their use for educational purposes. Nevertheless, a comprehensive picture of the formation and development of Russian civilization, an analysis of its differences from other historical paths and civilizational values are necessary for understanding modern geopolitical processes and making informed choices in a situation of intensifying international conflicts. It is concluded that the course “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood” requires a comprehensive application of socio-historical approaches, which will allow (by drawing students’ attention to the pluralism of scientific theories and the need for value choice) to use their advantages and to a large extent neutralize their shortcomings.

Keywords: Fundamentals of Russian Statehood, education, philosophy of history, modernity, sociohistorical approaches, formation approach, civilisation approach, Universal history
 

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