Lyudmila E. Smirnova, PhD in Pedagogy, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanities and Physical Education, Petrovsky Medical University, Moscow, (Russian Scientific Center of Surgery named after Academician B.V. Petrovsky), https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7822-7940, e-mail: piramida_ul@mail.ru
The further development of the country, a significant increase in knowledge-intensive industries, and their need for specialists who are ready to successfully solve tasks of national importance have necessitated an increase in the requirements for the education system, which has been in deep crisis in recent decades. This underlines the urgency of the problem of finding the main directions for its improvement. The article analyzes the reasons for the decline in the quality of education in secondary and higher secondary schools; examines the nature of the relationship between the main structural components of education: education and training. The study of scientific literature and the analysis of advanced pedagogical experience have shown that a qualitative change in the state education system is possible provided a scientific approach to the organization of the process of personal education during education. However, the study showed that the formation of a purposeful, socially oriented personality with a high level of responsibility for the assigned task, perseverance and perseverance in the implementation of the task occurs during educational training with constant, continuous pedagogical influences. In this regard, education should take a leading place in the education system, since the knowledge acquired in the learning process can be aimed at achieving personality-oriented goals. An analysis of scientific publications indicates that a formal attitude to education prevails in schools and universities, which is represented only by a set of educational measures that do not ensure the formation of a personality capable of serving the Fatherland. The research materials have shown the need to significantly improve the moral status of schools and teachers as one of the fundamental directions for improving the effectiveness of the education system. Currently, education is reduced to the transfer of new knowledge and technology, that is, learning. The author proposes to change the system of admission of applicants to pedagogical universities by selecting high school graduates with the makings and abilities for teaching. The paper presents practical recommendations on the use of other forms of recruitment of future students of the pedagogical university, which will significantly improve the level of professional training of teachers and university professors.
Keywords: education system, upbringing, education, personality, spiritual, moral and cultural development
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