Alma Mater
ISSN 1026-955X
Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly (Higher School Herald)
The best way to learn all about Higher Education

=

Web Superpower

D.N. Ivanov

UDC 342.5-042.4:004

DOI 10.20339/AM.07-23.019

 

Dmitrii N. Ivanov, Cand. Sci (History), Associate Professor of the Department of International Entrepreneurship (Department 83) at Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation, SPIN-code: 9787-0485, ORCID: 0000-0002-8915-6014, e-mail: ivanov_d_n@inbox.ru

 

In the context of the intensive development of information technologies and the gradual transfer of various functions of the state online (remember the same portal “Gosuslugi”), as well as numerous virtual environments in which real people interact through their avatars with the avatars of other people, sooner or later projects should appear, seeking to create from such a virtual reality a certain structure with the features of the state. The first more or less significant attempt against this background was the creation of the “decenturion blockchain state”, which has ceased to exist today and is considered by many no longer as a visionary attempt to create a new subject of law, but as a somewhat specific, but well-known “financial pyramid”. However, we should expect that in the future we will see some more attempts to create quasi-state formations in the virtual world, some of which will probably be able to gain some weight in the real world. The article discusses the criteria that make it possible to attribute the state to the number of superpowers and the fundamental possibility of the appearance in the 21st century on the Internet of an education that identifies itself as a state and meets the criteria of a superpower.

Keywords: web superpower, internet state, online state, Decenturion.

 

References

1. Ranke, L., von. Die großen Mächte. Leipzig: New herausgegeben, 2012. 61 s. // Project Gutenberg [website]. [2012]. URL: https:// gutenberg.org/files/39669/39669-h/39669-h.htm (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

2. Fox, William T.R. The Super-Powers: The United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union — Their Responsibility for Peace. N-Y, 1944 [Electronic resource] // Cambridge University Press [site]. [2013]. URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-revie... (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

3. Berezhkov, .M. How I became Stalin’s translator. Moscow: DAM, 1993. 400 p. URL: http://militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/berezhkov_vm/06.html (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Rus.)

4. Snou, D. Listening to everyone: hacking GSM networks from the airwaves [Electronic resource] // Kaspersky daily [web-site]. [2016]. URL: https://www.kaspersky.ru/blog/gsm-hijacking/11375/ (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Rus.)

5. Minin, P.E., Samojlov, A.S., Kuzin, A.A. Bluetooth data channel vulnerabilities for intruders to eavesdrop. Bezopasnost’ informacionnykh tekhnologii. 2012. 25: 50–53. (In Rus.)

6. Shevchenko, M. Amazon creates a smart fridge that will keep track of its contents and order its own food [Electronic resource]. 3DNews: [website]. [2021]. URL: https://3dnews.ru/1050640/amazon-sozdayot-umniy-holodilnik-kotoriy-budet... (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Russ).

7. Zainal, Al N. The architecture of smart internet of things. T-COM. 2021, 8: 58–61.

8. Romashkina, N.P., Makhukova, A.V. Computer virus attack on Iran’s nuclear programme. Informacionnye vojny. 2013. 4 (28): 88–98. (In Rus.)

9. The most high-profile cyber attacks on critical infrastructure [Electronic resource]. Habr: [website]. [2016]. URL: https://habr.com/ru/company/panda/blog/316500/ (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Rus.)

10. Property ownership certificate abolished from 15 July. North Izmaylovo District Administration of Moscow [website]. [2016]. URL: https://sevizm.mos.ru/inform/detail/3329282.html (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Rus.)

11. Golubkova, M. St Petersburg will do away with conductors on public transport. RGRU [website]. [2021]. URL: https://rg.ru/2021/04/14/reg-szfo/v-peterburge-v-obshchestvennom-transpo... (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

12. Zubkov, I. Visa and MasterCard cut service to four Russian banks. RGRU [web-site]. [2014]. URL: https://rg.ru/2014/03/21/visa-site.html (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

13. Podogreykin. Problems with payment via Apple Pay and Google Pay appeared in Russia. iPhones.ru [website]. [2022]. URL: https://www.iphones.ru/iNotes/AP-GP-02-26-2022 (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Rus.)

14. Fountain, Jane E. Building the Virtual State: Information Technology and Institutional Change. Washington, 2001. Google knigi [website]. [2005]. URL: https://books.google.ru/books?hl=ru&lr=&id=geX4xHFmNMIC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq... (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

15. Osipov, V.S. Yellow brick road to digital state. Digital law. 2020. 2: 28–40.

16. Ganiev, R. What are virtual states and why aren’t they on the world map? Hi-news.ru [website]. [2022]. URL: https://hi-news.ru/eto-interesno/chto-takoe-virtualnye-gosudarstva-i-poc... (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Rus.)

17. Astapenko, P.N. The Democratic State and Quasi-State: Institutional Risks in the Internet Age. Zakon i pravo. 2018. 10: 15–22. (In Rus.)

18. Decenturion.su. Decenturion.su [website]. [2019]. URL: https://decenturion.su/ (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

19. Bankovsky, A.L., Savkov, P.I. Concluding Views of Western Countries on Cyber Warfare. In: The Modern World and National Interests of the Republic of Belarus: Proceedings of International Scientific Conf. Minsk, 2021: 40-45. (In Rus.)

20. Napeeva, D. Analysts named Russia among the five countries with the best cyber forces. RBC [website]. [2017]. RBC [website]. [2017]. URL: https://www.rbc.ru/politics/10/01/2017/58747b439a7947526d203417#:~:text=Тройку%20стран%2С%20где%20наиболее%20развиты,настроение%20и%20поведение%20население%20стран» (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

21. A Q&A with MafiaBoy. InfoSequrity [website]. [2013]. URL: https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/a-qa-with-mafiaboy/ (accessed on: 19.03.2023).

22. A schoolboy hacker and a 2.3Tbps DDoS. Top of the most powerful DDoS attacks in the world. Onliner [website]. [2020]. URL: https://tech.onliner.by/2020/08/14/top-moshhnejshix-ddos-atak (accessed on: 19.03.2023). (In Rus.)

23. Tsarik, V.S. Western interpretation of information conflicts around Estonia and Georgia in 2007–2008 in line with the concept of “hybrid warfare”. In: Topical issues of modern science. Collection of articles on materials of XVII Intern. Sci.-Pract. Conf. Ufa, 2018. P. 173–182.

24. Sarna, A.Ya. Hacking the Matrix: Cyber Revolution in Belarus 2020–2021. Mediasreda. 2021. No. 2. P. 12–18. (In Rus.)