UDC 316.4:331.5-053
https://doi.org/10.20339/AM.11-22.047
Sergei A. Baburkin, Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Head of the Department of Social and Political studies at Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University Named after K.D. Ushinsky, e-mail: baburkin@mail.ru
Sergei L. Talanov, PhD (social studies), Associate Professor of the Department of Social and Political studies at Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University Named after K.D. Ushinsky, e-mail: talanov_sergei@mail.ru
Filipp Yu. Kushnarev, Candidate of Political Sciences, Assistant Professor, Department of Social Policy at Yaroslavl State University Named after P.G. Demidov, e-mail: kushnarevcustoms@mail.ru
The authors analyze the attitude of students to study and secondary employment, taking into account the resources of families and gender differences. A longitudinal sociological study was conducted among students of leading Yaroslavl universities. The time interval between repeated surveys was 3 years (2017 and 2020). It was found that girls from families belonging to low-income groups are more involved in secondary employment than boys from the same category of families. At the same time, it was revealed that even the appearance and widespread spread of coronavirus infection did not change the situation. The number of young men involved in secondary employment has increased, but there are fewer of them than the number of girls. The study showed that students from families that belong to weak resource groups are more involved in secondary non-core employment than students from families that belong to medium and strong resource groups. It was revealed that students from families who belong to highly resource groups are more likely to be professionally employed than students from families who belong to medium and weak resource groups. After the adoption of amendments to the law “On Education in the Russian Federation”, most students planning to find a job after graduation as a school teacher (according to the training profile) switched to an individual training schedule in order to improve their financial situation and gain professional experience during their studies. At the same time, girls used this right to a greater extent than boys. Non-core employment is perceived by most students as a temporary necessity (as a normal reaction). Regardless of the resources that students have (family finances, excellent educational preparation before entering university, etc.), secondary employment, both profile and non-profile, negatively affects students’ academic performance. It has been established that, despite the still widespread attitudes in society (media, advertising, films, etc.) that girls do not necessarily have to work and build a career, that it is enough for them to find a man, get married and live at the expense of their husband (or roommate), an increasing number of girls prefer to be financially independent and therefore work. At the same time, girls from families belonging to highly resource-rich families tend not to work, but to continue their studies in a master’s degree, mainly abroad or in Moscow, St. Petersburg. The authors conclude that it is not so much the economic capital of the family as the values of the family, as well as the influence of the reference personality, that has a great influence on the decision to find employment or to continue studying for a master’s degree.
Key words and word-combinations: secondary employment, typology of employment, labor socialization, professional identity, profile employment, non-core employment, higher education.
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