Alma Mater
ISSN 1026-955X
Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly (Higher School Herald)
The best way to learn all about Higher Education

=

Factors of international student migration from Tajikistan to Russia. Case of Northern (Arctic) Federal University

P.S. Golomidova
80,00 ₽

UDC 325-028.42

https://doi.org/10.20339/AM.05-21.097   

 

P.S. Golomidova is PhD student (Sociology), Head of International student recruitment office at Northern (Arctic) Federal University n.a. M.V. Lomonosov

 

Analyzed is the problem of growing importance of international educational migration, associated not only with the increase in the number of international students, but also with the growing political, economic and cultural influence of educational migration as process. One of the most perspective countries in the sphere of Russian higher education export is the Republic of Tajikistan. The aim of the article is to present the results of study of the factors, that have influenced on student migration from Tajikistan to Russia. The author conducts a survey based on an analysis of key statistical data from the Center for Sociological Research of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, UNESCO Institute for Statistics, as well as a questionnaire survey, semi-formalized interviews with NArFU students from Tajikistan, as well as participant observation in the framework of professional activities. Within the study information channels about higher education opportunities were analyzed, alternative educational destinations were identified, and an analysis of the factors of student migration to Russia and Russian university (NArFU) was carried out. According to the results of the study, it is found that different factors form student migration in general: the initial interest to study abroad, approved by the family in case of positive experience of relatives, studying abroad, while key factors for studying in Russia include possibility of getting quality education with scholarship support. The decision-making process of choosing the university is influenced by the demand for an educational program, career prospects, university ranking, however, the combination of the factors can vary significantly. The authors consider the importance of the ethno-cultural specifics of the region in analyzing the flows of student migration, as well as during the university activities of developing the export of higher educational programs to Tajikistan.

Key words: export of higher education, international student recruitment, international student migration, higher education, Tajikistan, internationalization.

 

References

  1. Education: Outbound internationally mobile students by host region. UNESCO Institute of Statistics. URL: http://data.uis.unesco.org/ (accessed on: 03.02.2021).
  2. Migration Data Portal. URL: https://migrationdataportal.org/themes/international-students#data-sources (accessed on: 03.02.2021).
  3. Arefiev, A.L. (2020). Education of Foreign Citizens in the Educational Organizations of the Higher Education of the Russian Federation: Statistical Collection. Vol. 17. Moscow: Pushkin State Russian Language Institute.
  4. Riano, Y., Van Mol, C., RaughuramP. (2018). New Directions in studying policies of international student mobility and migration. Globalisation, Societies and Education. Vol. 16. No. 3. P. 283–294. URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/14767724.2018.1478721
  5. Golomidova, P.S. (2020). Export of Russian higher education to Tajikistan: potential and perspectives. In: Proceedings of the VI All-Russian Sociological Congress (Tyumen, October 14–16, 2020) “Sociology and society: traditions and innovations in the social development of regions”. Moscow: RSS, FCTAS RAS. P. 5604–5613. URL: https://www.ssa-rss.ru/files/File/Conference/VSK-VI/Sbornik/GolomidovaPS... (accessed on: 03.02.2021).
  6. Lee, E. (1966). A Theory of Migration. Demography. Vol. 3. No. 1. P. 47–57. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2060063 (accessed on: 03.02.2021).
  7. GMDAC of IOM, EASO. (2016). Significant Pull/Push Factors for Determining of Asylum-Related Migration. A Literature Review. URL: https://easo.europa.eu/sites/default/files/publications/The%20Push%20and... (accessed on: 03.02.2021).
  8. Tremblay, K. (2005). Academic Mobility and Immigration. Journal of Studies in International Education. Vol. 9. No. 3. P. 196–228.
  9. Kuptsch, С. (2006). Students and talent flow — the case of Europe: From castle to harbour? In: Kuptsch Chr., Pang E.F. (ed). 2006. Competing for global talent, Geneve: International Institute for Labour Studies. P. 33–62.
  10. Martin, Ph. (2006). Competing for global talent: The US experience. In: Kuptsch Chr., Pang E.F. (ed.). Competing for global talent, Geneve: International Institute for Labour Studies. P. 87–106.
  11. Kim, J. (1998). Economic analysis of foreign education and students abroad. Journal of Development Economics. Vol. 56. No. 2. P. 337–365.
  12. Mazzarol, T., Soutar, G. (2002). Push-pull factors influencing international student destination choice. International Journal of Education Management. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 82–90.
  13. Scott, J.J. (2019). International student mobility: International student recruitment at the University of Saskatchewan. A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies In: Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Education In the Department of Educational Administration University of Saskatchewan. Saskatoon, 2019. URL: https://harvest.usask.ca/bitstream/handle/10388/12554/SCOTT-THESIS-2020.... (accessed on: 03.02.2021).
  14. Pismennaya, E.E. (2008). Trends in educational immigration to Russia: current trend. Moscow: Ekonomicheskoe obrazovanie, 2008. 148 p.
  15. Alekseeva, E.N. (2012). Features and prospects of educational migration in the era of global transformation. Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science. No. 4. P. 113–136.
  16. Samofalova, E.I. (2015). Features of educational migration in the works of foreign reserchers. Tomsk State University Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and Political Science. Vol. 29. No. 1. P. 104–119.
  17. Kosheleva E.Yu., Samofalova E.I. (2011). Sociological portrait of an educational migrant from non-CIS countries on the example of Tomsk Polytechnic University. In: Kosheleva E. (ed.). Portrait of an educational migrant: main aspects of academic, linguistic and socio-cultural adaptation. Tomsk: RAUSH MBH. P. 153–165.
  18. Stepanova, B.B. (2014). Comparative analysis of the reasons for educational migration to Russian universities of international students. Vestnik of Bryansk State University. Vol. 14. No. 1. P. 67–71.
  19. Gurko D.D., Trostyanskaya I.B., Sema E.Yu., Barsukov A.A., Polikhina N.A. (2019). Education of international students in Russian institutions of higher education. Moscow: State autonomous Sociological Research Center.
  20. Vashurina E.V., Vershinina O.A., Gaziyeva Ch.F. (2016). Attracting foreign students to Russian universities. Practical guidance. Yekaterinburg, Ural Federal University Publ., EBS ASV Publ.
  21. Bednyy, A.B., Erushkina, L.V. (2011). Nizhny Novgorod through the eyes of foreign students: a sociological analysis. Nizhniy Novgorod: NNGU n.a. N.I Lobachevsky.
  22. Gavrilov, K.A., Yatsenko, E.B. (2012). Educational migration from the CIS and Baltic countries: potential and prospects for Russia. Moscow: Fond “Nasledie Evrazii”.
  23. Gabdrakhmanova, G.F., Sagdieva, E.A., Omorova, N.I. (2014). Educational migration in the Republic of Tatarstan: adaptation and integration of students from Central Asian states. Kazan: Institute of History named after Sh. Mardzhani AS RT; Publishing house “Artifact”.
  24. Kasymova, S.R. (2017). Educational migration of youth in Tajikistan: problems and prospects. Research report. Dushanbe: Open Society Institute Assistance Foundation. URL: https: //www.academia.edu/36900193/ TRAINING_MIGRATION_YOUTH_TADJIKISTAN_ PROBLEMS_ AND_ OUTLOOK_Research_report (accessed on: 03.02.2021).
  25. Basics of intercultural education: development potential of Arkhangelsk region. Arkhangelsk: Northern (Arctic) Federal University, 2017. 96 p.
  26. EDB Center for Integration Studies. (2017). EDB Integration Barometer, Saint-Petersburgh: EDB Center for Integration Studies. URL: https://eabr.org/analytics/integration-research/cii-reports/integratsion... (accessed on: 23.02.2021).
  27. The influence of China on Tajikistan is growing following investment. Sputnik-Tajikistan. URL: https://tj.sputniknews.ru/economy/20161208/1021266373/kitai-vliyanie-tad... (accessed: 15.02.2021).